For a long time, lighting systems with cotton on were no wonder, for those days had passed when such a technical miracle could be observed only in Hollywood films. Moreover, other scenarios of the operation of smart lighting are possible, for example, turning on the light when the motion sensor is triggered or depending on the degree of natural light. The various scenarios of smart lighting will be discussed in this article.

If you turn on the light, where necessary, you can, as necessary, then turn it off, you can sometimes easily forget. For example, a man came to the kitchen, made tea, and suddenly remembered a case that he urgently needed to do in another room. He goes there, continues his activities, at the same time distracted by something else, and in the kitchen the light remained on. Suddenly you need to go somewhere, he urgently puts on his shoes ...

How many readers of this article, and how often, use solder fat in their practice? Surely the majority are much closer to liquid fluxes applied with a brush or just rosin. Meanwhile, solder fat is widely used as a complete solder flux. Solder fat is available in two types: neutral solder fat and active.

The vaseline-based active solder fat is excellent when it is necessary to solder even large parts of oxidized non-ferrous or ferrous metals, for this reason it is very useful in the household, almost like regular solder (zinc chloride) acid. Neutral solder grease is perfect as a normal flux in the process of soldering any electrical and radio devices, printed circuit boards, etc. It is clear that active soldering fat does not need to be used for soldering radio components, as is soldering acid ...

All kinds of capacitors used today almost everywhere in electronics and electrical engineering, as a dielectric contain various substances. However, with regard to specifically electrolytic capacitors, in particular also tantalum and polymer, it is important for them to include strict polarity when included in the circuit. If such a capacitor is not included in the circuit correctly, then it will not be able to work normally. These capacitors are therefore called polar.

What is the fundamental difference between a polar capacitor and a non-polar one, why do some capacitors still care how to be included in the circuit, and it is fundamentally important for others to observe the polarity? We’ll try to figure it out now. The point here is that the manufacturing process of electrolytic capacitors is very different from, say, ceramic or polypropylene ...

One of the typical problems that every owner of a warm floor can face is a malfunction of the temperature sensor. Nevertheless, this problem is easily solved by replacing the sensor, however, its diagnosis is required before. And the diagnostic process is quite simple.

To carry out the diagnostics of the temperature sensor, it is enough to remove the thermostat, a screwdriver is required for this, and measure the resistance of the sensor directly using a conventional household multimeter. A sign of a problem with the temperature sensor is a quick shutdown of the underfloor heating, when it simply does not have time to reach the set temperature, or overheating beyond any measure. If this happens, then you can safely, after turning off the power, remove the thermostat, and proceed to check the temperature sensor, the wires from which are connected to the thermostat. The sensor cable is a two-wire cable. ... 

Cable testers are used to check the condition of cable lines or cables. They are electronic devices, usually consisting of two parts. These devices are different, and some of them allow you to determine the characteristics of cable lines or cables. There are three classes of cable testers on the market today: for basic cable testing, for qualification of cable systems, for certification of cable systems.

According to the type of cable tested, the devices are divided into: testers for optical cables, testers for coaxial cables, telephone cables, twisted pairs. The latter are versatile, with their help you can test completely different types of electrical cables, widely used today. The most important parameters that can be measured using a cable tester are ...

Accumulators in electrical engineering are usually called chemical sources of current, which can replenish, restore the consumed energy due to the application of an external electric field. Devices that supply electricity to the plates of the battery are called chargers: they bring the current source into working condition, charge it. To properly operate the battery, it is necessary to present the principles of their work and the charger.

A chemical recycled current source during operation can: supply the connected load, for example, a light bulb, an engine, a mobile phone and other devices, spending its supply of electric energy, consume the external electric power connected to it, spending it to restore the reserve of its capacity. In the first case, the battery is discharged, and in the second it receives a charge. There are many battery designs ...

Among the types of laying electric wires inside residential premises, the method of their open location on building structures is the oldest, time-tested. Technically, this method of laying can be carried out: stationary fixing of wires, temporary placement of portable cables - extension cords.

Carrying is a backup method for short-term connection of individual electrical appliances. Constantly using them is not recommended. The currents of the loads completely pass through them, and the entire structure is subjected to periodic mechanical stress that can cause damage. Extension cables with portable cables require frequent inspections. Open wiring has three characteristic features at once: it is visible to any visitor and therefore it must be done beautifully, attractively, exposed to sunlight ...

Time is flowing, technology is evolving, and many devices are improving along with them. Newspapers and magazines are increasingly giving way to web pages, cell phones have almost replaced landlines, and no one is using pagers. The modernization and needle multimeters, which are now almost everywhere replaced by convenient digital devices, did not bypass.

The advantages of digital multimeters over analog multimeters are obvious, they have much wider functionality, and their price is not high. So, digital multimeters took their place in the arsenal of not only radio amateurs, but also engineers. Nevertheless, pointer testers are too early to write off, real professionals know that sometimes a pointer device is simply irreplaceable. What is the feature here? And the difference lies directly in the internal structure of arrow and digital multimeters. The dial gauge is ...