Requirements for the quality of electricity are prescribed by state standards and fairly stringent standards. Electricity supply organizations make a lot of efforts to comply with them, but they are not always implemented.

In our apartments, and in production, periodically occur: complete blackouts for an indefinite time, aperiodic short-term (10 ÷ 100 ms) high-voltage (up to 6 kV) voltage pulses, surges and voltage drops with different durations, overlays of high-frequency noise, frequency drifts . All these malfunctions adversely affect the work of household and office consumers of electricity. Microprocessor and computer devices, which not only fail, but can completely lose their performance, are especially affected by the quality of power supply. To reduce the risk of malfunctions ...

In the article "How to control a chandelier in two wires", various schemes were considered that allow switching several groups of lamps. The operation algorithm for all circuits is the same: with a short click of the switch, the first group lights up, with the second second, with the third click both groups at once. To turn off the chandelier, switch the switch, as usual, to the open position. All the circuits considered at different times were developed by radio amateurs.

In Chinese-made chandeliers, such devices are already installed, and in addition to them there are some additional lighting and even sometimes sound effects. My colleague at work was engaged in the repair of one of these devices: until you are busy repairing production equipment, you can work hard for yourself. And the defect of the mentioned device was like this - no matter how you click the switch, nothing turns on. Still managed to repair the circuit ...

The dynamos in the century before last began to be called direct current generators, the first industrial generators that were later replaced by alternating current generators suitable for conversion by transformers, and extremely convenient for long-distance transmission with little loss.

Today, the word "dynamo", as a rule, means small bicycle generators (for headlights) or hand generators (for tourist flashlights). As for industrial generators, today all this is alternating current generators. Let us, however, recall how the first dynamos developed and improved. The first model of a direct current generator, or unipolar dynamo, was proposed back in 1832 by Michael Faraday, when he only discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. It was the so-called "Faraday disk" ...

Do you change bulbs too often? Seriously, this question is hardly asked by those who use incandescent lamps in the old fashioned way. Indeed, incandescent lamps cost a penny, and there is no problem in replacing a burned out bulb with a new one. If a person does not care about the energy saving problem, then everything is in order, he does not experience inconvenience.

But what about those people who have already switched to LED lamps? What if, for example, a zealous owner, deciding to take care of energy conservation, put LED bulbs at home, and they burn out all the time? In this case, you have to forget about saving, because LED lamps are quite expensive, compared with the same incandescent lamps. This is where a person is faced with a real problem.So why not eliminate the cause of regular burnout of LED lamps? Of course, it is worth eliminating it, but first you need to identify this reason. Let's see what are the reasons ...

In the framework of this article, we will talk about the features of the principle device of automobile generators. For car owners who are versed in the subject, this article will not be interesting. But for those who are interested in automotive generators in terms of application, this information may be useful.

In modern cars, synchronous three-phase AC electric machines are used as generators, in which the Larionov circuit is used in the rectifier. In order for the generator to give current to the load after starting the engine, it is necessary to provide power to the field coil. This occurs when the ignition key is turned to the operating position. The current in the field winding is controlled by a voltage regulator, which can be made as a separate unit or integrated into the brush unit of the generator. In the vast majority of modern generators, a voltage stabilizer ...

They are called free energy machines or simply perpetual motion machines ... Ever since the time when mankind put electricity to its service, the tireless minds of inventors have been looking for a brilliant solution - a source of free energy without the need for any kind of fuel. What can I say, historians have always found technical sketches of “perpetual motion machines”.

Here and there, now more often than in ancient times, one can find projects of “perpetual motion machines”. Let’s take a closer look at this problem and see what does exist and what it actually is. Educated people are well aware that the perpetual motion machine cannot work in principle, this does not need to be proved. But since the debate does not subside in any way, this requires attention. The eternal engine, if it were a real device, would violate the laws of thermodynamics, which are actually indestructible ...

Collector motors can often be found in household electrical appliances and in power tools: a washing machine, grinder, drill, vacuum cleaner, etc. Which is not at all surprising, because the collector motors allow you to get both high revolutions and high torque (including high starting torque ) - which is what is needed for most power tools.

In this case, the collector motors can be powered by both direct current (in particular, rectified) and alternating current from a household network. To control the rotational speed of the rotor of the collector motor, speed regulators are used, which will be discussed in this article. To begin with, recall the device and the principle of the collector motor. The collector motor necessarily includes the following parts: rotor, stator and brush-commutator switching unit. When power is supplied to the stator and rotor, their magnetic fields ...

In everyday life, we use many electrical mechanisms, the regularity of use of which suggests the automation of the process. For example, controlling outdoor lighting or a well pump. This idea is not new, and there are a lot of devices of this purpose, which have received a common name - a time relay.

The programmable weekly timer electronic TE 15 is a device that can control many household devices. He is a vivid example of the benefits of modern technology. To verify this, just remember what devices had to use before.Previously, a mechanical timer was popular. Built-in power outlet, he could turn on household appliances for a certain time. In fact, it was a countdown timer; accordingly, its scope was limited. One of the works of Chinese industry - "Kitchen timer." In fact, this is a regular outlet with a timer ...