Description of instruments and tools that are necessary for soldering. The main aspects when choosing tools and instruments.

As they say, the real owner should be able to do a lot, including soldering. I don’t argue, soldering complex boards is not easy, there must be knowledge, practice, expensive instruments and tools. But in an economy where you need to repair something basic, you don’t need special skills and expensive instruments and tools for soldering. We will not talk about how to solder correctly today, but about what you need to have from tools and devices, just remember ...

The economic calculation of the payback and economic efficiency of energy-saving (fluorescent) lamps.

In Russia, every year more and more is not enough electricity. It is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain permission to connect industrial facilities and private households. According to the forecasts of power engineers, the doubling of electricity generation will occur no earlier than in 15 years. Therefore, electricity prices are constantly growing and will strive to reach the average European - 9 rubles / kWh.

However, there is a fairly simple way to achieve energy savings and reduce the cost of its purchase ...

Calculations and miscalculations of the economy based on statistical data.

Electricity consumption growth in Russia is taking leaps and bounds. With the current generation of 210 GW by all types of power plants, it is still not enough. An increase in production of only 1.5 times, to 350 GW, is planned only in 2020.

But there is an opportunity to increase the equivalent power generation in just six months. At the same time, loading their enterprises, idle in a crisis, therefore, reducing unemployment.

What is this way? Let's consider everything in detail. According to experts, 80% of the generated energy can be saved through energy-saving technologies .. This is 210 x 0.8 = 168 GW. For comparison, the largest hydroelectric power station in Russia, Sayano-Shushenskaya, produces 6.4 GW. And that was before the accident ...

Making a shiny silver or gold plating is not very difficult technically, other difficulties may arise here: it is not easy to get gold compounds. And silver compounds used in electroplating are poisonous: they are mainly cyanide compounds.

Therefore, it is better to make a nickel coating in an electrochemical way. On the surface, you will immediately get a shiny layer of metal (sparkles no worse than gold!), Requiring insignificant machining. The electrolyte should be of the following composition: nickel sulfate 280–300 g / l, nickel chloride 35–45 g / l, boric acid 30–40 g / l ...

The automobile company Renault has announced that in the near future it will release two models that will please fans of green cars. More precisely, it will be electric vehicles that will be assembled on the basis of the popular Kangoo and Fluence models.

The Fluence model was marked Z.E., the platform of the new sedan was extended by 130 mm. A powerful electric motor is installed in the car, which will make up the company 250 kilogram lithium-ion batteries.

But the engine power and the speed that it can squeeze out will pleasantly surprise and, moreover, it can create not bad competition for gasoline ...

Manual for the manufacture of a homemade electric generator 220/380 V.

Those who often leave the city know that a complete lack of electricity or its frequent blackout is not uncommon. People struggle with this by buying gas generators or kerosene lamps and stearin candles.

But there is another way.Motoblock, for plowing and cleaning gardens, has become a national hit. Experience has shown that it can be adapted to generate electricity. As a generator, you can use an asynchronous electric motor, for example, the AIR series. The electric motor must be with a rotation speed of 800-1600 rpm and a power of up to 15 kW ...

Circuit-breaker circuits allow turning on and off lighting from two or more different places for their installation. In some cases, this is not only convenient, but also very necessary.

For example, there is a long corridor. It is naturally lit. Turning on the light at the beginning, and having this very scheme of connecting the passage switch, you do not have to return again to turn off, but you can do this with the second switch that is installed at the other end of the corridor.

Let's take a closer look at this wiring diagram, consisting of two loop-through switches. It will require two switches (they are also called “pass-through”), each of which has three contacts and two switching positions. Moreover, the switching mode must be of "cross over nature", that is -one contact is common to the other two.In one position it is closed with one of them, and in another position, of course, with another ...

In almost all houses of the old construction and in most modern houses, the electrical wiring is mounted with aluminum wires in a single insulation. The section of this wiring is most often calculated based on a consumption rate of 1-2 kW. power, which is quite normal for the sixties of the last century, but our contemporaries consume much more.

Let's count. The consumption of a TV is 200-300 W, an electric kettle is 800-1500 W, a microwave oven is up to a kilowatt, an electric heater is a minimum of one and a half kilowatts, etc. That is why the old wiring can no longer stand ...