What is digital electronics associated with? First of all, with logical elements AND, OR, NOT. Further, shift registers, decoders, multiplexers, etc., come into memory. However, as the complexity of electronic devices and the trend towards miniaturization increase, the creation of IC-based devices from the above components became more difficult, custom ICs of the necessary topology and circuitry proved to be worthwhile only when the device was replicated in large numbers, in other cases it was unreasonably expensive.

The way out of this situation was the development of programmable integrated logic circuits (abbreviated as FPGA, foreign abbreviation as programmable logic device, PLD). What is it and where is it used we will tell in this article. With the word "programmable", most beginners associate with microcontrollers.FPGA is a completely different device ...

In repairing equipment and assembling circuits, you always need to be sure that all elements are in good working order, otherwise you will waste your time. Microcontrollers can also burn out, but how to check it if there are no external signs: cracks in the case, charred areas, burning smell, and so on? For this you need: a power supply with a stabilized voltage, a multimeter, an oscilloscope.

A full check of all the nodes of the microcontroller is difficult - the best way to replace it with a known good one, or with the existing one, upgrade another program code and check its execution. In this case, the program should include both checking all the pins (for example, turning on and off the LEDs after a specified period of time), as well as interrupt circuits and other things. The microcontroller is a complex device in it multifunctional nodes. Before proceeding with its diagnosis, you need to familiarize yourself with the technical documentation...

In our country, after about 2010, the hobby of radio enthusiasts received a second wind with the advent of the ability to program microcontrollers in high-level programming languages, far removed from iron. The first massive project was the Arduino family of boards. We have repeatedly examined these microcontrollers in articles, but today we will talk about microcontrollers that are programmed in Jacascript. Yes! The very same language that was used mainly when writing WEB-pages.

If we consider from the point of view of electronics in those devices that we will consider below, standard microcontrollers are used. The difference from the products from the manufacturer is only that they have a preinstalled loader program, although call it what you want, which allows you to execute the program code downloaded to you, and in some cases, communicate with the computer via USB, if it is not implemented in hardware. Why microcontrollers for javascript and other non-traditional languages ​​for them? ...

Sensors are used in a wide variety of circuits and projects. No automation can do without them. We are interested in them, because to simplify the design and popularization of electronics, the Arduino project was created. This is a finished board with a microcontroller and everything you need to work with it and program it. In this article, we will consider sensors for Arduino, but they can also be used with other microcontrollers.

What are the sensors? Sensors are the eyes, ears, and other sensory organs of a microcontroller or other control device. They are distinguished by the nature of the signal and by purpose. By the nature of the signal, they are divided into analog and digital. If we talk about Arduino, then, when receiving information from sensors, we processed a digital signalor we measure the voltage from the analog output of the module.As already mentioned, sensors are digital and analog...

Stepper motors are used to control the position of something, or to rotate the working unit at a given speed and angle. Such features made it possible to use it in robotics, numerically controlled machines (CNC), and other automation systems. In this article, we will consider a number of issues related to the construction of stepper motors and how to control them using the Arduino microcontroller.

All electric motors used in practice operate due to electrodynamic phenomena and processes occurring in the magnetic fields of rotors and stators. As we have already mentioned, any engine consists of at least two parts - mobile (rotor) and motionless (stator). For its rotation, it is necessary that the magnetic field also rotates. The rotor field rotates after the stator field. In principle, such basic information is enough to understand the general picture of the operation of electric motors ...

Multi-color LEDs, or as they are also called RGB, are used to indicate and create a backlight dynamically changing in color. In fact, there is nothing special about them, let's look at how they work and what RGB LEDs are.

In fact, an RGB LED is three single-color crystals combined in one housing. The name RGB stands for Red - red, Green - green, Blue - blue according to the colors that each crystal emits. These three colors are basic, and any color is formed on their mixing; this technology has long been used in television and photography.Color adjustment is carried out by adjusting the brightness of the radiation of each of the crystals.To change the color of the RGB tape, special RGB controllers are used.Usually a remote control comes with the controller ...

The issue of remote or remote control of electrical equipment has always been and will be relevant, regardless of whether there are automation tools in the system or not. To organize a remote control, it does not matter at all whether a microcontroller is needed; it all depends on the necessary functions assigned to the managed device. In this article, you will learn general information about how to remotely control a microcontroller.

There are two main types of remote communication. Wired - when the control of actuators located in one room (or not the room) is carried out from the control panel or from a button post located in another place. In this case, an electrical wire connection of the control circuits and actuators (relays, contactors, which include mechanisms, such as motors or systems, for example, lighting) is provided ...

Arduino is a universal platform for homemade products on microcontrollers. There are many shields (expansion cards) and sensors to it. This diversity allows you to make a number of interesting projects aimed at improving your life and increasing its comfort. The areas of application of the board are unlimited: automation, security systems, systems for collecting and analyzing data, and more.

From this article you will learn what can be done interesting on Arduino. Which projects will become spectacular and which will be useful. Cleaning the apartment is a routine and unattractive, especially since it takes time. You can save it if you put a part of the household chores on the robot. This robot was assembled by an electronic engineer from Sochi - Dmitry Ivanov. Structurally, it turned out to be quite high quality and is not inferior in effectiveness to factory analogues.To build it you will need: Arduino Pro-mini, or any other similar ...