The manufacture of removable wiring for the garden.

I work as an electrician in our garden community. Most of the houses in our gardening are single-story, summer. It is difficult to protect such a house from looters. Now, when prices for non-ferrous metal have risen, the devastating raids on holiday villages from autumn to spring have become constant.

In my house I made removable wiring. He recommended and helped do the same to his neighbors in the country. Now we do not need to restore power to our garden house from scratch. I think that this method of maintaining electrical wiring in the country will interest gardeners and gardeners ...

We make a powerful uninterruptible power supply based on a standard UPS by connecting two KAMAZ batteries to it. We also do automatic ventilation when switching to offline mode.

Such is the reality that Russian power grids force consumers themselves to take care of the stability of the electricity they receive. In our case, it is necessary to solve two important problems: a large voltage drop (typical for the hot / cold season, when the air conditioners / electric heaters turn on) and a complete blackout (“knocking out” of machines, accidents at substations, etc.).

If the first problem is easily solved by installing an autotransformer, which allows to obtain a stable voltage of 220 volts at the output, then the second requires the organization of an uninterruptible power system, designed for a long battery life ...

When designing or repairing appliances, household equipment, the problem often arises: how to weld certain parts. Buying a welding machine is not easy, but making it yourself ...

In this article you can get acquainted with a simple home-made welding machine, made according to the original scheme.

The welding machine operates on a 220 V network and has high electrical characteristics. Thanks to the use of the new form of the magnetic circuit, the weight of the device is only 9 kg with overall dimensions 125 x 150 mm. This is achieved by using a tape transformer iron rolled into a torus shape, instead of the traditional package of W-shaped plates. The electrical characteristics of the transformer on the magnetic pipe are approximately 5 times higher than that of the W-shaped, and the electrical losses are minimal ...

For low-voltage devices, power 6, 9, 12 or 27 V is often supplied from a laboratory autotransformer (LATR). And since the current consumption in this case is several amperes, wear (erosion) of the winding turns occurs at the contact point of the current collector, the LATR begins to “jam”.

The performance of the LATR is fully restored if the low-voltage voltage is removed from other turns of the autotransformer. It is enough to connect the load between the current collector and the second terminal "220 V", making an additional output "Load 2" from it. Now, when the current collector moves from it to the lower position, the voltage will change from 0 to 30 V, when the slide moves in the opposite direction, the voltage is regulated in the range 0 - 220 V. Moreover, the low-voltage voltage is removed from the undamaged sections of the transformer winding ...

In a dark room, the light switch always has to be looked for by touch. This task is facilitated by the “firefly” installed on its decorative panel - a luminous neon bulb or LED.

Neon bulb or LED of the AL102, AL307, KL101 series, etc.in series with a resistor with a resistance of 100 - 500 kOhm or 100 - 200 kOhm, connect to the terminals of the wall switch. Instead of a neon lamp, you can use a starter for a fluorescent lamp.

At home, we often have to work with electric tools and devices (electric drills, rotary hammers, circular saws, electric planers, etc.) at a considerable distance from the outlet. And if the extension cord has a long length (more than 25 m), it becomes difficult to unwind, wind and store it. Therefore, we decided to make a portable extension cord (see. Fig.).

The extension cord consists of a base, a pillar, and a wire-mounted reel. A plug connector is connected to one end thereof, and a plug to the other. The bobbin is mounted on the axis with the help of curly washers and is locked with the wing nut.

The stand consists of a pipe curved in the form of a bracket 1 / 2–3 / 4" and two corners welded to it. In turn, the axis on which the bobbin with the wire is mounted is welded to the top ...

Surprisingly, a fact. Yesterday, a good friend of mine, a homemade friend of mine, called me to see why the circular did not start. He says that before she worked perfectly, then a neighbor took her for a while, and now the circular does not start. The peculiarity of the machine was that it installed a two-kilowatt three-phase electric motor, included in a single-phase network according to the "triangle" scheme, with two blocks of capacitors - working and starting.

To determine the malfunction, we first measure the resistance of the motor windings. The resistance of the windings is usually tens of ohms. In this case, the resistance very quickly changes from zero to the maximum value. This is affected by the effect of capacitors. While they are charging, the resistance drops to zero. As the capacitors charge, the resistance increases, and when the capacitors are fully charged, their resistance equals infinity, so the ohmmeter shows the resistance of the motor windings ...

An important design feature of any welding machine is the ability to adjust the operating current. In industrial apparatuses, different methods of adjusting the current are used: shunting with various types of chokes, changing the magnetic flux due to the mobility of the windings or magnetic shunting, using active ballast resistances and rheostats. The disadvantages of this adjustment include the complexity of the design, the bulkiness of the resistances, their strong heating during operation, inconvenience when switching.

The most optimal option - even when winding the secondary winding, make it with taps and, by switching the number of turns, change the current. However, this method can be used to adjust the current, but not to adjust it over a wide range. In addition, the regulation of the current in the secondary circuit of the welding transformer is associated with certain problems.

So, significant currents pass through the control device, which leads to its cumbersomeness, and for the secondary circuit it is almost impossible to choose such powerful standard switches that they can withstand currents up to 200 A. Another thing is the primary winding circuit ...