Entertaining experiments. The new design of the simplest electric motor

We will assemble a more stable, elegant and compact version of the electric motor.

We use the mounting plate as the base, which will provide us with a stable base and internal electrical connections, and the AAA battery as the frame for the coil.

In the form of an experiment, we wind only 5 turns of wire to make sure whether our electric motor will work with such a coil. For convenience, add a current switch.

Here is the motor in assembled form, and here - and in working condition. As you can see, everything works.

Let's find out exactly how our simplest electric motor works. When an electric current flows through the wire of any coil, the coil becomes an electromagnet. An electromagnet acts like a regular magnet. It has a north and south pole and can attract and repel other magnets.

Our coil becomes an electromagnet when the uninsulated half of the protruding coil wire touches the uninsulated holder. At this moment, current begins to flow through the coil, the north pole appears at the coil, which is attracted to the south pole of the permanent magnet, and the south pole, which is repelled from the south pole of the permanent magnet.

We removed the insulation from the top of the wire when the coil was upright, so the poles of the electromagnet will be directed to the right and left. And this means that the poles will come into motion in order to settle down in the same plane with the poles of the lying magnet, directed up and down. Therefore, the coil will turn to the magnet. But at the same time, the insulated part of the coil wire will touch the holder, the current will be interrupted, and the coil will no longer be an electromagnet. It will rotate further by inertia, touch the uninsulated part of the holder again, and the process will be repeated again and again until the batteries run out of current.

How can I make an electric motor spin faster?

One way is to add another magnet on top.

Hold the magnet while the coil is spinning, and one of two things will happen: either the motor will stop, or it will start spinning faster. The choice of one of two options will depend on which pole of the new magnet will be directed to the coil. Just do not forget to hold the lower magnet, otherwise the magnets will jump to each other and destroy the fragile structure!

Another way is to plant small glass beads on the axis of the coil, which will reduce the friction of the coil on the holders and also better balance the electric motor.

There are many more ways to improve this simple design, but we have achieved the main goal - you have assembled and fully understood how the simplest electric motor works.