The abbreviation LED is derived from the English phrase Light Emitting Diode, which means a diode that emits light. In other words, an LED is a semiconductor device that converts the electric current passing through it into light radiation.

The main element of the LED is an artificial semiconductor crystal. It comes in red, yellow, green and blue. This part is placed in a copper or aluminum cup, which also acts as a reflector and cathode. A golden thread is welded to the crystal, which serves as the anode. It is all filled with a transparent compound and give it the necessary shape. To ensure stable operation ...

Modern switches, sockets and dimmers are not only very multifunctional, but also have a diverse design, so everyone can choose the right wiring accessories for their apartment.

In the modern interior, everything matters: the color scheme, the furniture, and some decorative objects. And even properly selected sockets and switches will help give the room a complete look. In addition, wiring accessories are sold today that are not only beautiful in appearance, but also capable of making the life of a modern person more comfortable and safe ...

Temperature regulators - what is it? The name itself already shows that this is a device, a mechanism by which you can adjust the temperature.

In everyday life, temperature controllers are found in almost all devices where one way or another it is necessary to regulate or maintain the temperature within specified limits. In this article we will try to figure out where, how and which temperature controllers are used.

The most common are three types of temperature controllers: electronic, electromechanical, mechanical. All three types of temperature regulators, one way or another intersect each other, in terms of design. Let's consider each type of temperature regulators in more detail ...

X10 is a widely used standard in home automation.

X10 defines the method and protocol for transmitting control command signals (“turn on”, “turn off”, “brighter”, “darker”, etc.) by power wiring to electronic modules to which controlled household and lighting devices are connected.

In total, up to 256 groups of devices with different addresses can be connected to the X10 network.

From the point of view of the logic of X10 network organization, all devices can be divided into two large groups: controllers and executive modules.

The controllers are responsible for generating X10 commands and, in addition to manual push-button control, can have a built-in timer or a specialized input device for external influence (light sensor, infrared photo detector from a remote control, etc.) ...

The article provides lighting control circuits using walk-through and cross switches, bistable relays, dimmers, dimmers, photorelay, timers and infrared motion sensors.

Lighting control schemes have already been repeatedly considered in the literature and on the pages of various Internet sites of electrical orientation. Therefore, here we will try to outline the various existing solutions.

The simplest control schemes for a one- or two-key switch are known to everyone and, therefore, few people are interested, so we will immediately proceed to consider lighting control schemes from several places.

Let's start with a specific simple situation - let's say you have two floors in a country house. In the evening you climb the stairs to the second floor. Naturally, you need to turn on the lights on the stairs. Turn on on the ground floor. We rise to the second floor...

The range of application of LED equipment is extremely wide. Lighting equipment based on LEDs finds new niches in the market every year with the development of technical means.

For example, until recently, neon prevailed in outdoor advertising, primarily because of its excellent qualities - vibration resistance, insensitivity to temperature extremes, and extremely low energy consumption indicators.

It turned out that neon-based advertising is very economical, and has a large number of color shades, which gives creativity to skilled designers. However, LED equipment has all the advantages of neon in its account, and another indisputable plus is the ability to control the flow of information coming into an advertising medium ...

Often, one switch is not enough to control the lighting, for example, when you need to turn on the light at the beginning of a long corridor and turn it off when you reach the end. This is realized by installing pass-through switches, quite simply, you just need to lay a three-core cable between them. But if you need to implement lighting control from more places, there are difficulties with laying wires to the cross switches, their connection ... It is much easier to use a special relay in such schemes. In this article we will consider what a pulse relay is and how to work with it.

Conventional relays work simply when voltage is applied to the coil - the contacts close (or open), when not, they return to their original position. In pulse relays, or as they are also called - bistable - this is not the case. When a voltage pulse is applied to the relay, it turns on; when the next pulse is applied, it turns off. Conventional bistable relays are used in automation and security systems, when applying a pulse of the same polarity ...

UPS is a guarantee of the safety of your computer. An article about why uninterruptible power supplies are needed, what types they are and how to service them.

Given the relatively high cost of computer equipment and the low quality of electric energy in our homes, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is simply an irreplaceable thing.

Under certain circumstances, an uninterruptible power supply can not only ensure the operation of the computer in the event of a power failure, but also save it from damage. In addition, due to the built-in protection, the uninterruptible power supply saves the equipment connected to it during a thunderstorm from possible surges ...