How network filters are arranged and work

60-200 μg - how many turns and what diameter is the turn?

In fact, modern types of electronic equipment such as television and computer are already equipped with their own protection. This built-in line filter (LC) and a supply voltage of 100-260 V. (Auto voltage in my opinion), etc. In general, are designed for unstable and poor-quality electric power, or am I wrong? And does it make sense to use additional filters?

Evgeny,
You can use ready-made ones from old boards, for example, from a TV. They directly say how many ICG.

hmm, why from -310 to 310 volts?

Because 220 volts is the effective voltage value. The maximum, that is, the amplitude is about 310 volts.

I want to pay special attention to the fact that there are network filters in which varistors are connected not only between phase and zero, but also between phase and ground and zero and ground! Therefore, not all surge protectors can be used without grounding in the power outlet! When the voltage rises above 231 volts, the varistor usually “trips” between phase and zero, and over 250-300 volts, the reset occurs to the ground conductor. If there is no grounding, the current will go along the path of least resistance, i.e. through household appliances to the place of "breakdown".

In the photo in the article we see the magnificent surge protector APC SurgeArrest® Home / Office PH6T3, it is strictly forbidden to use it without grounding.

When connecting such a filter without grounding, I noticed that the grounding indicator lights up in green, showing full serviceability! After turning off the computer, the light went dim; after turning off the phone, it went out.

For the same reason, I strongly do not recommend installing sockets with a grounding contact in an apartment without grounding! Use ordinary extension cords with a power off button, with a grounding contact, and try to connect equipment that is connected by data cables to one such extension cord.

This is necessary to equalize the potentials between devices. (Example 1: system unit, monitor, printer, speakers. Example 2: TV, DVD player.)

UZO, Difavtomat, voltage relays and fuses from such NETWORK FILTERs will not save, your equipment, they will save only from a fire through the fault of sellers who do not tell you full information and through the fault of manufacturers who do not write about the need for grounding for their "miracle device" .

It is not easy to recognize such line filters: if after reading the user manual it is not clear whether grounding is required or is assumed, go to a visual inspection. Typically, such surge protectors have a Protect light bulb or a ground symbol, plus these filters cost more than $ 20.

If you have all the sockets grounded, but knocked out an RCD or a differential machine, pay attention to your line filters. Surge protectors are certainly a useful thing, but not all filters can be switched on sequentially (one to the other), and the point here is not the total load, but resonance phenomena and increased currents on the ground!

If you do not have a ground connection and you have already bought a surge protector with variostatic protection to the ground (and 14 days have passed since the date of purchase), do not try to return this filter to the store. Do not try to upgrade the circuit by cutting off the ground wire, put off such a filter “until better times”.

(You can, of course, cut all the fuck out of it and put it together, directly, but it's a pity.)

1. Actually, oddly enough, single pulses are also laid out in Fourier series. For example, a lightning impulse is a direct current, but during decomposition it is clear that these are high-frequency oscillations. Indeed, the electromagnetic pulse from such a direct current extends to kilometers from the place of a lightning strike and burns on-air television amplifiers, and 10 m of an ordinary wire (seemingly nonsense inductance) represent significant resistance to the lightning current.
2. For a better understanding of the problem, it must be said that surge voltages can go along both phase and neutral conductors, therefore, according to the rules, it is supposed to put protection (limiters) on both wires. This is most clearly seen when protection is applied to the entire apartment using grounding (not grounding!), Well explained in the IEK catalog. There must be real grounding (if there is no TN-S, I take it from the reinforcement of reinforced concrete buildings)!
3. It can be mentioned that there is a classification of filters (surge suppressors) by interference power and voltage, the final portable filters are the weakest, but they limit the interference to the minimum voltage.
4.For a series connection of filters, the knockout of RCDs is probably better explained not by resonance, but by an increase in leakage to the ground through the filter capacitors - the more filters there are, the more leaks there are.
5. By the way, at the entrance of a powerful washing machine there is also its own filter from capacitors to protect its own electronics. I think that modern hobs and ovens with electronics have their own filters. Maybe some competent teapots and irons already have some. So do not relax, you need to compare the cost of home appliances and protection against interference.

My network filter performs the function of an automaton. The wife likes to turn on the TV, dryer, heater, iron and a couple of powerful consumers at the same time :-)

Yes, it is impossible to do without grounding - it is dangerous not only for technology, but also for life ...

Regarding powerful single pulses:
They appear not only from lightning, but also from switching and powerful equipment, and not very powerful. Single nano- and picosecond pulses are almost impossible to detect, unless, with luck, with a storage oscilloscope.
Protection against them is complicated and expensive - high-voltage capacitors of small capacitance and toroidal inductances on low-permeability ferrite with a very rarefied winding - to reduce inter-turn capacitance. All this is in a special sectional design, with a silvered inner surface.
It really works, protecting computer technology from freezing.
P.S. The easiest way to clog your power network and annoy your neighbors is to use dimmers :)

A lot of new from the section of electrical engineering ie know-how.

Andrew,
Can you recommend a surge protector that can be used in a socket without grounding?

I have 3 connectors in the filter: 1 direct connection, 2 battery protection so they stopped working, what's the problem?

Apparently you have not a filter, but an uninterruptible one. And in uninterruptible batteries, batteries fail over time, most likely this is the reason for the failure of battery protection, but it can just be a breakdown (unlikely).