How to make temporary power supply of a building site for a private house

Now many people, starting the construction of housing, immediately face the issue of its power supply. Even the very first action - the construction of the foundation requires the use of a concrete mixer, which does not work without electricity.

Therefore, you have to look for options for creating a temporary power point and choose the most suitable method.

Electricity requirements for the construction site

So that the progress of work does not break, and all the tools work well, it is necessary to have electrical energy that differs:

1. quality that provides nominal frequency and voltage parameters for good performance of building mechanisms;

2. reliability and stability, eliminating the loss of power during the execution of work;

3. safety of the application, creating maximum protection of people from getting electrical injuries.

In this case, it will be necessary to resolve legislative issues related to connecting to existing energy lines to allocate sufficient capacity, which leads to certain financial costs.

Organizational factors for building site electrification

The specific conditions for the location of the site impose features on the choice of the method of power supply for construction. The developer has to consider many requirements, including:

• remoteness from objects of electric networks;

• the tasks of the building under construction: cottage, residential building, technical room;

• connection option: stationary or only at the time of construction;

• the amount of allocated capacity and methods of payment for overspending;

• network selection: single-phase 220 or three-phase 380;

• supplier reliability guarantees;

• quality of highways for connection;

• application deadlines and much more.

Based on the results of solving these problems, one of the options is selected:

1. connection to fixed networks;

2. The use of autonomous energy sources.

When using state-owned power supply facilities, the following may be created:

• permanent connection methods;

• temporary electricity supply schemes.

Features of connecting electricity

The terrain and the removal of power grids greatly influence the way the circuit is selected.

Construction is underway near own housing

The option of connecting the equipment to its registered input for the performance of work is considered the most favorable and least costly. For the construction period, the developer consumes electricity, which is already connected, and the payment is based on a previously concluded contract.

After the completion of the new building and the need to dismantle the old one, the task of re-issuing documents in the supplying organization arises. This will require:

1. calculate the required power;

2. Obtain technical specifications and a connection point from the department of the power supply organization;

3. order a project development from a specialized company;

4. coordinate the project in the state technical supervision;

5. perform electrical work;

6. conduct laboratory assessment of electrical networks;

7. Put the facility into operation by entering into an agreement with a sales organization.

The same 7 steps must be completed for the documentary temporary commissioning of the construction site.

Construction away from electrified buildings

In this situation, it will be necessary to lay the power line to the construction site and go through all seven stages of the preparatory work. After the construction is completed, for the permanent power supply it is necessary to repeat the entire registration process.

Placement of electricity input to the construction site should be done immediately for continuous operation, use the shield with the IP54 protection in the anti-vandal version. The internal space of the housing must be selected taking into account the possibility of installing a meter, protective devices, circuit breakers, sockets, grounding bus. It is important to provide a reserve of space for future renovations inside the house under construction.

Construction within a nonprofit partnership

Thanks to the collective connection to summer cottages, garages or horticultural farms, the cost of joint services is cheaper. They already have a dedicated step-down transformer substationwhich you can connect to.

However, many teams have long been formed and changed at their own expense equipment (wires, poles, transformers). New developers may be offered monetary compensation for part of such work performed or the implementation of additional modernization of part of the equipment.

Contract with neighbors

If the technical issues of the connection are delayed in terms of time, and the construction must begin, then you can try to negotiate with neighbors who have surplus capacity. After obtaining consent from them, the developer, through an additional meter, installs its outlet and connects to it with temporary wiring.

The value of the permissible power is negotiated before connecting, controlled by the meter. To prevent overloads, protective restrictive devices are installed in the neighbor's network.

Calculation according to this scheme is beneficial to the builder, and the one who distributes electricity can get into a conflict with inspectors of the supplying organization.

Generator sets

In terms of technical security of construction generators create high-quality electricity. The developer uses them at his discretion and does not depend on anyone. No need to wait for connections to a fixed network.

The only drawback is the high cost of the generated energy. This method is used to start construction, when the deadlines are not tolerated and it is necessary to quickly start working, and the stationary connection to the electric networks is delayed.

Generators can be rented or purchased for a fee. In the future, they will come in handy for backing up the electrical network during accidental outages.

Technical recommendations for the electrification of the construction site

After solving organizational issues, including determining the permissible power and selecting a voltage system, a place is determined at the construction site for the installation of an input shield, remote up to 25 meters from the site boundary, and a backup power source if an additional generator set is used.

From this point, marking of cable routes to the branch support of the power transmission line and to the places of work for food is made:

• power circuits;

• lighting systems.

Power equipment is installed in certain areas of the work:

• lifting goods by crane or hoists;

• concrete preparation;

• woodworking;

• welding.

The lighting system may initially consist of one or more spotlights, and then divided into main and emergency, local and general.

Electricity Consumer Connection Schemes

To lay cables, determine their length and load characteristics, a circuit is created that can have:

• radial;

• roundabout;

• mixed wiring.

When using power from one place, then the input shield is connected to the power line support and from it, the cables spread the voltage to all power assemblies with lighting installations according to the radial principle.

If the developer additionally has a backup source, for example, a generator, then it makes sense to assemble a ring or mixed consumer connection circuit.

Using the generator set in case of possible power failures allows you to continue the construction without violating the technological cycles.

Input device design

Being engaged in independent connection of electricity, unskilled builders often make significant mistakes, violate safety rules, and pose risks to the health of working people. An example is not the worst version of the temporary power connection shown in the photograph.

It can be seen here that switching devices operated in the open air are not protected from the effects of atmospheric precipitation, mounted on a sheet of building plywood, which absorbs moisture from the air during rain and fog. Access to electrical appliances is absolutely free, is not limited by anything to outsiders, and the wiring goes down to the ground.

Such a hastily assembled shield cannot supply the construction site with high-quality energy and is a direct prerequisite for injury.

It is not difficult to make a reliable and safe connection using factory sealed shields designed for outdoor use. They are locked and restrict unauthorized access of people.

Inside the introductory board there is an electric meter, switching devices, a block of sockets, working and protective zero buses.

To all mobile and permanently installed electrical receivers, cables are laid so that they are not exposed to mechanical stress. To this end, they are suspended at a safe height or buried in trenches.

Safety Recommendations

Operation of power supply systems at construction sites is subject to increased risks due to:

• adverse effects of the atmosphere;

• the presence of people with low qualifications in electrical safety;

• the use of combustible liquids and materials on sites;

• lack of protective grounding and potential equalization in many devices.

When working in conditions of high humidity and danger, the rules of the PUE apply, requiring the use of voltage up to 50 (25 or 12) volts of alternating current and 120 (30) - constant with the connection of automatic protective devices.

To increase security, it is recommended to use isolation transformers with an ungrounded potential equalization system, which combines all open enclosures of electrical equipment with the protective contacts of outlets.

When choosing floodlights, it is necessary to achieve uniform illumination of workplaces and to eliminate glare from light fluxes.

Outdoor luminaires should be housed in an IP54 rated enclosure.

Construction work itself is classified as hazardous. It is impossible to aggravate the risks of health problems during their implementation due to improper connection of temporary power supply.