When installing the lighting system in the entrance, it would be nice to make it as economical and automated as possible so that the light turns on only when it is really necessary, and does not burn around the clock, as was the custom in the nineties - until the light is turned off or smash.

In fact, such a system can be useful not only for entrances, but also for various utility rooms, parking lots, corridors, etc. Infrared motion sensors are very suitable here, able to respond to objects moving in their area of ​​operation. The primary task is to correctly install and configure such a sensor, and this will be discussed later. Modern models of infrared motion sensors allow the adjustment of three parameters: the threshold of illumination, indicating the onset of darkness, when the motion sensor begins to work ...

If you need to measure the distance to an object located at some distance in front of you, or to some major obstacle in a non-contact way, then you can use an ultrasonic sensor. Devices of this type are very easy to use, they are reliable and economical, while they do not require any consumables.

The principle of measuring distance is based here on the technology that some animals use simply because of the specific structure of their body and the characteristics of the environment. The main condition is that there is air between you and the object, the distance to which is measured. The ultrasonic sensor generates individual sound pulses of the ultrasonic range, that is, those that are not heard by a person in his ear. And since these pulses propagate through the air, they move at the speed of sound. As soon as this sound reaches the nearest boundary of the object ...

A motion sensor is most often used to turn on lighting when you walk or are near it. With it, you can save electricity and save yourself the trouble of flipping a switch. This device is also used in alarm systems to detect unwanted intrusions. In addition, they can be found on production lines, they are needed there for the automated execution of any technological tasks. Motion sensors are sometimes called occupancy sensors.

Motion sensors distinguish according to the principle of action, their work, accuracy of operation and features of use depend on this. Each of them has strengths and weaknesses. The final price of such a sensor also depends on the design and type of element used. The motion sensor can be made in one housing and in different buildings (the control unit is separate from the sensor). The easiest option for a motion sensor is to use a limit switch or a reed switch ...

Now so-called smart devices are very popular. In most cases, their main function is the ability to remotely turn on and off via the Internet or mobile network. But also with the help of various solutions it is possible to implement remote control of the outlet, respectively, and any electrical equipment. In this article we will look at ways to solve this problem.

Using a radio relay, they usually operate at a frequency of 315 or 433 MHz. This option is interesting in that it allows you to embed the module both in the device that you will control and in the junction box. Radio relay come with a different number of channels and its good versatility and ease of implementation of the project as a result. The disadvantage is the range. Wi-Fi sockets and relays are also easy to use and versatile.There are many smart sockets on the market, which are an adapter that can be installed in a regular socket ...

Many of us know about the Internet of Things (IoT - Internet of Things) firsthand, someone believes that the Internet is in full swing over the world, and some consider this idea a great exaggeration and generally too ambitious. How are things really? Is it possible to somehow verify these allegations, to verify their validity or to refute?

In fact, this article was written to make sure that the IoT applications already operating in the world are numerous and diverse. We will consider real examples from a dozen areas of everyday life of a modern person, in which the Internet of things has long been working. Already today, IoT applications help us make life more comfortable and secure. There are a large number of products embedded in the Smart Home system. Among them: intelligent thermostats and air conditioners, speakers, smart sockets, smoke and movement sensors, open door sensors ...

Concept and background for the birth of the "Internet of things." Due to the widespread use of smartphones and tablets, by 2010 the number of devices connected to the Internet increased to 12.5 billion, and this with a world population of 6.8 billion, that is, almost 2 connected people per inhabitant of the earth already in 2010 to the device’s global network.

These devices are capable of connecting to the network and interacting with each other via Bluetooth, Zigbee, WiFi networks, via cellular networks, via satellite network, etc. Analysts do not exclude that by 2020 the number of such devices around the world will reach 50 billion. In connection with this state of affairs, it is not at all surprising that such a phenomenon as the Internet of Things or the Internet of the Things, abbreviated IoT. The concept of the Internet of things is the emergence of a computer network of things, a network of physical objects with integrated technologies of interaction as between them ...

The idea of ​​making a small computer has been in the minds of engineers for many years. One of the most popular types of microcomputers is a smartphone - a symbiosis of a computer with its operating system and functionality and a cell phone. The proliferation of smartphones based on processors with ARM architecture, both processor manufacturers to make miniature but powerful computing systems, and electronics designers to develop in the direction of single-board systems.

System-on-a-Chip (SoC) is the English name for this type of computer. The first Raspberry pi board was announced in 2011 and put into production in 2012. Typically, Raspberry boards come in different versions, differ in the type designation “Model A”, “Model B” and the like, the differences are in the periphery and power.Despite the weak technical characteristics, the community of electronics and computer enthusiasts warmly welcomed such a concept. ...

Greenhouses are constructions intended for growing natural vegetables in a shorter period of time than in open ground. The use of greenhouses is common both among private owners and in agriculture as a whole. Many factors necessary for the effective cultivation of vegetable crops require the use of modern automation, for example: automatic maintenance of optimal air temperature, automatic watering, automatic lighting, automatic soil heating.

When growing tomatoes and cucumbers, as the most common crops grown in greenhouses, it is desirable that the air temperature be from +18 to +25 ° C during the day and not lower than +16 ° C at night. Soil temperature is from +10 ° С and higher.Lowering the temperature is carried out using actuators that open the windows of the greenhouse for ventilation when the air temperature rises...